奶牛弓形虫病的流行病学及防控研究进展

Research Progress on Epidemiology and Control of Toxoplasmosis in Dairy Cows

奶牛弓形虫病是由刚地弓形虫(Toxoplasma gondii)引起的人兽共患寄生虫病,主要引起奶牛早期胚胎死亡、流产和早产,可给奶牛养殖业造成重大的经济损失。本文综述了奶牛弓形虫病病原、传染方式、流行病学、危害和防控措施的研究进展。该病在世界范围内流行,在我国地区流行率较低,但也应注意加强普查监测。防控该病应从控制传染源、切断传播途径和保护易感动物三方面实施,具体包括加强检测诊断、隔离阳性奶牛、驱赶流浪动物、注重环境消毒、把控饮水饲料等。

Toxoplasmosis in dairy cows is a parasitic disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii,which mainly causes early embryo death,abortion and premature birth,and has caused great economic losses to dairy farming.In this paper,the pathogen,mode of infection,epidemiology,harm and prevention and control measures of toxoplasmosis in dairy cows has been reviewed.The disease is prevalent all over the world,its prevalence rate is low in China,but we should also pay attention to strengthening census monitoring.To prevent the disease,we should control the source of infection,cut off the route of transmission and protect susceptible animals,including strengthening detection and diagnosis,isolating positive cows,driving away stray animals,paying attention to environmental disinfection and controlling drinking water and feed.