关于我国国家公园适宜面积的探讨

Discussion on the suitable area of National Parks in China

为了科学划定国家公园适宜面积,为国家公园建设与管理提供参考,笔者系统梳理了美国、加拿大、日本等国的国家公园面积概况及我国各类自然保护地面积情况,并基于国土面积、社会经济、生态系统3方面,建议我国国家公园适宜面积的确认指标应从生态系统完整性、生态系统典型性和社会经济可持续性3方面来综合考量;针对不同国家公园,应因地制宜地制定既能保护好生态系统完整性,又能实现社区可持续发展的国家公园适宜面积。

The establishment of national park system is an important part of China’s ecological civilization construction.It is of great significance to promote the scientific protection and rational utilization of natural resources,build a beautiful China and promote the harmonious coexistence between man and nature.National Park is already a special land type.The contradiction between National Park and surrounding communities caused by the area of National Park has become increasingly prominent.The determination of the appropriate area of National Parks has become an urgent issue to be solved in the construction of National Parks.In this context a review was made of the area of national parks in the United States,Canada,Japan and other countries,as well as the area of various natural reserves in China.It is suggested from the aspects of land area,social economy and ecosystem that the index for appropriate area of National Parks in China should be selected based on the integrity and typicalness of the ecosystem and the socio-economic sustainability.The area of each National Park should be decided on not only to protect the integrity of the ecosystem,but also to realize the sustainable development of communities in line with its local conditions.