分析妊娠期糖尿病血糖控制水平与妊娠结局的关系

Analysis of the Relationship between Blood Glucose Control Level and Pregnancy Outcome in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

目的对妊娠期糖尿病血糖控制水平与妊娠结局存在的关系进行探究分析。方法选择2018年1月—2021年10月该院收治的妊娠期糖尿病患者中选取200例作为研究对象,根据血糖控制情况分为对照组(100例,血糖控制良好)与观察组(100例,血糖控制较差),对两组血糖水平、母婴结局进行统计,根据葡萄糖耐受性测试结果了解观察组血糖异常情况,多因素分析血糖异常程度与妊娠结局存在的关系。结果观察组空腹血糖(5.25±1.11)mmol/L、餐后2 h血糖(7.99±1.21)mmol/L、平均血糖水平(6.27±0.54)mmol/L、平均血糖波动幅度(3.26±0.57)mmol/L,低于对照组(4.32±0.58)、(6.98±0.44)、(5.55±0.32)、(2.49±0.54)mmol/L,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);流产发生率两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),剖宫产率与羊水异常、胎膜早破、产后并发症发生率观察组62.00%、10.00%、10.00%、12.00%,高于对照组28.00%、2.00%、2.00%、4.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组巨大儿、早产儿、宫内窘迫、新生儿病、新生儿窒息等占比10.00%、10.00%、12.00%、14.00%、9.00%,高于对照组2.00%、2.00%、2.00%、4.00%、2.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);血糖异常程度较高患者不良结局发生率38.71%,高于血糖异常程度较低患者18.42%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.534,P<0.05),多因素分析结果显示血糖异常程度与不良妊娠结局具有相关性(OR>1,P<0.05)。结论妊娠期糖尿病血糖控制水平与妊娠结局存在密切关系,控制效果越好,不良妊娠结局发生率越低。临床应给予妊娠期糖尿病患者高度重视,通过有效干预保障母婴健康。

Objective To explore the relationship between blood glucose control level and pregnancy outcome in gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods A total of 200 patients with gestational diabetes mellitus admitted to the hospital from January 2018 to October 2021 were selected as the research subjects.According to blood glucose control,they were divided into control group(100 cases,good blood glucose control)and observation group(100 cases,poor blood glucose control).The blood glucose levels and maternal and infant outcomes of the two groups were counted,and the abnormal blood glucose situation in the observation group was understood according to the results of glucose tolerance test.Results Fasting blood glucose(5.25±1.11)mmol/L,2 h postprandial blood glucose(7.99±1.21)mmol/L,average blood glucose level(6.27±0.54)mmol/L,average blood glucose fluctuation range(3.26±0.57)mmol/L in observation group,lower than the control group(4.32±0.58)mmol/L,(6.98±0.44)mmol/L,(5.55±0.32)mmol/L,(2.49±0.54)mmol/L,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of abortion between the two groups(P>0.05),cesarean section rate,abnormal amniotic fluid,premature rupture of membranes,and incidence of postpartum complications in the observation group were 62.00%,10.00%,10.00%,and 12.00%,which were higher than those in the control group,which were 28.00%,2.00%,2.00%,and 4.00%,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);in the observation group,macrosomia,premature infants,intrauterine distress,neonatal disease,and neonatal asphyxia accounted for 10.00%,10.00%,12.00%,14.00%,and 9.00%.2.00%,2.00%,2.00%,4.00%,2.00%higher than the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);the incidence of adverse outcomes in patients with higher degree of dysglycemia was 38.71%,which was higher than 18.42%in patients with lower degree of dysglycemia,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.534,P<0.05),the results of multivariate analysis showed that the degree of dysglycemia was associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes(OR>1,P<0.05).Conclusion There is a close relationship between the level of blood glucose control in gestational diabetes and pregnancy outcomes,with better control effect,lower the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes.Clinical attention should be given to patients with gestational diabetes mellitus,and effective interventions should be taken to ensure the health of mothers and babies.