约翰·希克神义论思想探究--以《恶与仁爱的上帝》为中心的考察

A Primary Investigation of John Hick’s Theodicy:Based on Inspection Centers on“Evil and the God of Love”

“恶的问题”是一个重要而又疑难的问题。面对“恶的问题”,希克试图在批判继承奥古斯丁式神义论的基础上,融合爱仁纽等人的思想,提出了一种具有“灵魂塑造”“末世论”特征的自由意志神义论。在具有一定理论解释效力的同时,希克的神义论并没有完全解决“恶的问题”。该神义论的问题包括:不能解释部分自然的恶,大量而强度极大的道德的恶和毫无目的的恶;自由与救赎之间存在不可调和的矛盾,“末世普救论”也难以成功。然而,面对“恶的问题”,希克在神义论上的卓越探索具有重要的理论意义和启发。

“The problem of evil”is a very important and difficulty problem haunted around us.Encountering with“The problem of evil”,John Hick critically inherits Augustine’s free will defense and absorbs the Irenaean thought of man’s creation to form an eschatologically soul-making free will theodicy.Though it works often,John Hick’s theodicy cannot succeed to solve the“the problem of evil”completely,which cannot explain a part of natural evil and moral evil,such as an extensive and intensive evil and purposeless evil;what’s more,man’s freedom and the God’s salvation are logically contradicted and universalism is fallible.However,Hick’s brilliant work on theodicy is illuminating for coping with“the problem of evil”.