劳动合同对农民工城市融入的影响——基于农民工个体调查数据的实证分析

The Effect of Labor Contracts on the Urban Integration of Migrant Workers——Empirical Analysis Based on Migrant Worker Survey Data

本文基于2021年春节假期农民工个体调查数据,通过Logit模型和中介效应检验劳动合同签订状况对农民工就地过年决策的影响,从而反映农民工城市融入的状态。实证分析发现:通过签订劳动合同形成相对稳定的劳动关系对农民工选择就地过年具有显著的正向推动作用,特别是对第二产业就业的农民工居留意愿的影响更大;将工资、社会保障、工作时间和工作稳定性作为中介变量,检验劳动合同对农民工融入城市的内在传导机制发现,工资、社保、工作时间和工作稳定性起到部分中介调节效应,工作稳定性的中介效应最为明显。因此,应推动劳动合同法的全面执行,有效提高农民工劳动合同签订率,切实维护农民工特别是新就业形态从业农民工的合法权益。

The construction of harmonious labor relations is the key to protecting the legitimate rights and interests of migrant workers and promoting their integration into cities.Affected by the COVID-19 pandemic,the decision made by migrant workers to stay put during the Spring Festival or go back to hometowns not only reflects the regulations of epidemic prevention and control,but also shows whether migrant workers can live and work stably in cities.Based on survey data of migrant workers during the Spring Festival in 2021,this study comprehensively evaluates the influence of labor contract on the urban integration of migrant workers by using the Logit model and the mediating effect model.The results show that the labor contract has a significant positive impact on the decision to stay put during the Spring Festival of migrant workers.The effect is more significant on the migrant workers in the secondary industry.It is found that wages,social insurance,working hours and stability have some intermediary effects on the urban integration of migrant workers,and the effect of work stability is the most significant.Therefore,the government should promote the comprehensive implementation of Labor Contract Law,strengthen supervision and punishment,enable more migrant workers to join the trade union,and improve the labor contract signing percentage for migrant workers,in order to protect the legitimate rights and interests of migrant workers,especially migrant workers in the new forms of employment groups.