改土归流制在黔西南清代布依族乡规民约中的反映

The Influence of Bureaucratization of Native Officers on the Rules of Buyi Ethnic Group in Southwest Guizhou in the Qing Dynasty

由明代至清代初期,黔西南地区作为以布依族为主的少数民族聚居区,一直实行土司制度。黔西南地区的改土归流自清代雍正初年开始推行,经历了一个漫长的流土共治期后,至道光年间基本完成。改土归流制度作为一项重要的地方政策,对黔西南地区的政治、经济、文化都产生了十分深远的影响,这种影响在黔西南清代布依族乡规民约中得到充分体现。

The chieftain system had been implemented from the Ming Dynasty to the early Qing Dynasty in Southwest Guizhou, a region mainly inhabited by ethnic minorities.The bureaucratization of native officers in southwest Guizhou was carried out since the early year of Yongzheng emperor in the Qing Dynasty. With a long-period co-management of chieftain and officials appointed emperor, the bureaucratization of native officers was basically completed by the time of emperor Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty. As an important local policy, the system has had a profound impact on the politics, economy and culture of southwest Guizhou, which was fully reflected in the rules and regulations of the Qing Dynasty in this area.