2015—2020年内江市其他感染性腹泻病流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of other infectious diarrhea diseases in Neijiang City, 2015-2020

目的分析2015—2020年内江市其他感染性腹泻病流行病学特征,为防控提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对2015—2020年内江市其他感染性腹泻病流行病学特征进行分析。结果2015—2020年内江市共报告其他感染性腹泻病10928例,年均报告发病率为48.83/10万,各年报告发病率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=37.32,P<0.05);报告发病呈明显的季节性,有2个发病高峰,夏季高峰为6—8月,冬季高峰为12月至次年2月;5县(市、区)间报告发病率总体差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6982.89,P<0.05),城区显著高于郊县,3个县(市、区)(占60.00%)年报告发病率呈上升趋势;报告发病数男女性别比为1.20∶1,男女报告发病率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=91.64,P<0.05);发病年龄以3岁以下人群为主,各年龄段报告发病率呈下降趋势(χ^(2)=38967.71,P<0.05);发病职业以散居儿童居首位,占总报告发病数的71.09%。结论2015—2020年内江市其他感染性腹泻病发病率呈上升趋势,防控形势依然严峻,3岁以下散居儿童为防控的重点人群,需在夏季和冬季落实好综合防控措施。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of other infectious diarrhea diseases in Neijiang City from 2015 to 2020, and to provide a scientific basis for their prevention and control. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of other infectious diarrhea diseases in Neijiang City during 2015-2020. Results A total of 10,928 cases of other infectious diarrhea diseases were reported in Neijiang City from 2015 to 2020. The annual average reported incidence rate was 48.83/100,000, and there were statistically significant differences in the reported incidence rate of each year(χ^(2)=37.32, P<0.05). The reported incidence of the diseases showed obvious seasonal variations. Two peaks of incidence were observed, the summer peak was seen in June-August and the winter peak from December to February next year. The overall differences in the reported incidence rates of the diseases among 5 counties(cities and districts) were statistically significant(χ^(2)=6,982.89, P<0.05). The reported incidence rate of the diseases was significantly higher in the urban area than in the suburban counties, and the annual reported incidence rates of 3 counties(cities and districts)(accounting for 60%) showed an upward trend. The male-female sex ratio based on the number of reported cases was 1.20:1, and the differences in the reported incidence rates of the diseases between males and females were statistically significant(χ^(2)=91.64, P<0.05). The age of onset was mainly under 3 years of age, and the reported incidence rate of each age group showed a downward trend(χ^(2)=38,967.71, P<0.05). Most cases were scattered children, accounting for 71.09% of the total reported cases. Conclusion The incidence rates of other infectious diarrhea diseases in Neijiang City in 2015-2020 showed an increasing trend. The situation of prevention and control was still grim. Scattered children under 3 years old are the key population for prevention and control, and comprehensive prevention and control measures should be implemented in summer and winter.