系列化中国标准地铁列车牵引系统设计

Design of traction system for serialized China standard metro train

随着中国城市轨道交通的快速发展,地铁车辆制式繁多、备品备件数量大、国产化水平偏低等问题日益凸显,使得行业亟待建立地铁列车的中国标准和关键系统体系,这对地铁列车牵引系统设计提出更高的要求,也带来新的挑战。文章首先明确牵引系统设计的研究目标与简统原则,提出了4种标准地铁车型牵引系统的牵引/电制动特性,可覆盖95%以上地铁行业的需求;通过行业主流产品的比选,提出一种有利于整车设备布局的列车高压电路拓扑,简统了永磁同步牵引系统的主电路,并分析计算确定主电路的关键参数、电机和斩波电阻的功率;通过分析轴承电腐蚀产生的原理,简统了一种可以有效抑制牵引电机轴承电压的列车接地电路结构,并分析确定了其对应接地电阻阻值。仿真验证结果表明,通过系列化、简统化设计的牵引系统能够满足标准地铁列车的应用需求,可实现不同厂家牵引系统产品的兼容安装和主要备品备件的通用化,有效降低运营商的维护成本。

Many problems appear as the rapid development of China urban rail transit,such as various vehicle systems,huge number of spare parts and low localization level,which make it be urgent to establish China standard as well as key system in rail transit industry,and put forward higher requirements and bring new challenges for the design of traction system of metro vehicle.Firstly,the research objective and simplification principle of traction system design were detailed,and four standard metro train models with traction and electric braking characteristics were presented,which could cover more than 95% of the demand of metro industry.Through comparison of the main products in the metro industry,a kind of high voltage circuit topology was proposed,which was beneficial to the layout of the whole vehicle equipment,and the main circuit of the permanent magnet synchronous traction system was also simplified.Meanwhile,the key parameters of the main circuit,the power of motor and chopper resistance were determined through analysis and calculation.By analyzing the mechanism of bearing electrocorrosion,a kind of vehicle grounding circuit structure which could effectively suppress the bearing voltage of traction motor was simplified,and the corresponding grounding resistance was analyzed and determined.Simulation results show that the application requirements of standard metro train could be met according to serialization and simplification of traction system design.In addition,the products of different traction system suppliers could be installed compatibly and the main spare parts could be generalized,which also reduced the maintenance cost of operators.