自主化制动控制电磁阀动态特性分析研究

Study on dynamic characteristics of autonomous brake control solenoid valve

制动控制电磁阀为轨道交通车辆制动系统关键执行部件。在制动过程中,电磁阀接收电子控制单元的控制信号,通过反复动作实现对制动压力的控制。这要求控制信号与电磁阀的动态特性要相互匹配,保证压力的控制精度,同时达到降低电磁阀动作次数、延长使用寿命的目的。因此,在开发过程中对制动控制电磁阀动态响应特性进行研究是必要的且具有重要意义。采用电磁仿真模块建立电磁阀动态仿真模型,分析电磁阀得电和断电过程中电磁阀线圈内电流和铁芯动作位移等参数的变化趋势;通过试验方法测试电磁阀得电和断电过程中电流响应特性与压力响应特性;搭建试验环境完成了3000万次寿命测试及过程中的电磁阀响应稳定性测试。研究结果表明,制动控制电磁阀的电流响应时间小于11 ms,仿真和实测电流变化趋势一致;按照标准GB/T 22107测试的压力响应时间小于15 ms,且随动作次数增加至3000万次的测试过程中,压力响应时间均在15 ms以内,稳定性好,可以满足制动控制系统的使用要求。本文研究结果可为电磁阀控制算法设计提供参考。

Brake control solenoid valve is the key component of rail transit vehicle braking system.In the braking process,the solenoid valves receive the control signal from the electronic control unit and adjust the braking pressure through high-frequency action.In order to ensure the control accuracy of pressure and reduce action times of solenoid valve and prolong its life,the control signal and the dynamic characteristics of solenoid valve are required to match each other.Therefore,it is necessary and significant to study the dynamic response characteristics of brake control solenoid valve.The dynamic simulation model of solenoid valve was established with electromagnetic simulation module.The variation trend of solenoid valve coil current and the action displacement of the iron core during the process of solenoid valve power on and power off was analyzed.The current and pressure response characteristics of solenoid valve during power on and power off were also tested.The test environment was built,and 30 million life tests and the response stability test of solenoid valve in the process were completed.The result shows that:The current response time of brake control solenoid valve is less than 11 ms,and the current variation trend is consistent between simulation and measured results.The pressure response time is less than15 ms according to GB/T 22107 standard,and with the increase of the number of actions to 30 million times in the test process,the pressure response time is less than 15 ms with good stability,which can meet the requirements of the brake control system.The results of this paper provide a technical basis for the design of solenoid valve control algorithm.