结构参数对铝蜂窝防爬器吸能特性影响

Influence of structural parameters on energy absorption characteristics of aluminum honeycomb anti-crawling device

为研究某型地铁车辆的铝蜂窝防爬器的吸能防爬特性,利用非线性有限元数值模拟方法,建立了可靠的等效铝蜂窝防爬器有限元模型。通过对不同结构参数铝蜂窝防爬器的吸能特性研究,对该防爬器进行了优化设计,并将优化后的防爬器用于整车,模拟了6编组地铁车辆在速度为25 km/h时的对撞工况。仿真结果表明,增加薄壁壳壁厚将使碰撞初始峰值力大幅度增加,碰撞力的波动也随之增大;在多个铝蜂窝块之间插入隔板串联组合使用,将极大地提高蜂窝块的吸能效果;在薄壁壳上开诱导孔是诱导防爬器稳定有序变形的手段之一,但是诱导孔数量过多反而对吸能造成不利影响。通过整车碰撞模拟,以欧洲铁路标准EN15227:2020的相关要求对其进行评判,证明了该防爬器具有良好的吸能和防爬性能,为铝蜂窝防爬器在地铁车辆上的应用提供了理论依据。

In order to study the energy absorption and anti-climbing characteristics of aluminum honeycomb anti-climbing device of a certain type of subway vehicle,a reliable finite element model of equivalent aluminum honeycomb anti-climbing device was established by using the nonlinear finite element numerical simulation method.By studying the energy absorption characteristics of the aluminum honeycomb anti-climbing device under different structural parameters,the anti-climbing device was optimized.Finally,the optimized anti-climbing device was applied to the whole vehicle,and the collision condition of the 6-unit vehicle at 25 km/h was simulated.The simulation results show that increasing the thickness of the thin-walled shell greatly increases the initial peak force and the fluctuation of the impact force.The energy absorption effect of honeycomb blocks will be greatly improved by inserting baffles in series between several aluminum honeycomb blocks.It is one of the methods to induce stable and orderly deformation of anti-climbing device when opening induction holes in thin-walled shell.However,excessive number of induction holes will have a negative effect on energy absorption.Through the vehicle collision simulation,it is evaluated according to the relevant requirements of European railway standard EN 15227:2020,which proves that the anti-climbing device has good energy absorption and anti-climbing performance,and provides a theoretical basis for the application of aluminum honeycomb anti-climbing device in subway vehicles.