山区村域土地利用转型特征测度研究——以桐城市石窑村为例

Study on the Measurement of the Characteristics of Land Use Transformation in Mountainous Villages——A Case Study of Shiyao Village in Tongcheng City

土地利用转型研究是乡村经济发展基础性工作,从微观地域尺度研究土地利用转型具有重要的现实意义。以桐城市石窑村为典型案例,利用高清遥感影像和实地调查访谈数据,建立山区村域土地利用类型和功能分类体系,运用空间统计分析方法揭示1980—2020年石窑村土地利用转型阶段特征、影响因素,探讨土地利用转型对乡村振兴的启示。1980年以来,石窑村经历了土地利用结构转型和功能转型。在结构形态上,以林地、耕地、园地和宅基地转变为主,其他类型土地小幅度变化;在功能形态上,土地利用经历了单一的基本功能增强-减弱的阶段性演变,呈现复合功能增强的趋势性变化特征。自然区位是土地利用转型的基础,经济社会发展是土地利用转型的外部驱动力,村民理性选择是土地利用转型的内在动力,政策因素是驱动土地利用转型的重要推力,各因素相互作用共同驱动土地利用转型。

The study of land use transformation is the basic work of rural economic development,and it is of great practical significance to study land use transformation from the micro regional scale.Taking Shiyao village in Tongcheng City as a typical case,using high-definition remote sensing images and field survey interview data,the classification system of land use types and functions in mountainous villages was established,and the spatial statistical analysis method was used to reveal the characteristics and impact mechanism of land use transformation in Shiyao village from 1980 to 2020.Since 1980,Shiyao village has experienced structural and functional transformation of land use.In terms of structural form,the main types of land use are woodland,cultivated land,garden and homestead,while other types of land have changed slightly.In terms of functional form,land use has experienced a single enhancement-weakening stage evolution of basic function,showing a trend of composite function enhancement.Natural location is the basis of land use transformation,economic and social development is the external driving force of land use transformation,the rational choice of villagers is an internal driving force in land-use conversion,political factors are an important driving force in land-use transformation,and all factors interact to drive land use transformation.