全纳背景下教师教育改革发展实践——以芬兰为例

Research on the Practice of Teacher Education Reform and Development under the Background of Inclusive Education——Taking Finland as an Example

全纳教育是兴起于20世纪90年代的一种教育思潮,芬兰是全球最早实施全纳教育的国家之一,其在全纳教育开展的多年经验对其他后起国家都有很强的借鉴作用。全纳教育很好地向世界展示了一种包容的教育观念,并进行了多年的实施。芬兰全纳教育的成功开展主要得益于对从事全纳教育的教师的职业培养,限定只有在取得相应的教育工作资质的前提下才可以进行全纳工作。也正是因为全纳教育对于全能型教师的发展需要,决定了全纳教育背景下教师教育的改革之路,这一变革是全方位的,涉及政策、课程、资源以及评价等方面,其中,教师教育改革发展实践是关键的环节之一。

Inclusive education is an educational trend rising in the 1990s.Finland is one of the first countries to implement inclusive education in the world.Its many years of experience in inclusive education can be used as a strong reference for other later countries.Inclusive education has well demonstrated an inclusive educational concept to the world and has been implemented for many years.The successful development of inclusive education in Finland mainly benefits from the professional training of teachers engaged in inclusive education.It requires that inclusive work can be carried out only on the premise of obtaining corresponding educational qualifications.It is precisely the development needs of inclusive education for all-round teachers that determines the road of teacher education reform under the background of inclusive education.This reform is omni-directional,involving many aspects such as policy,curriculum,resources and evaluation.One of the key links among them is the practice of teacher education reform and development.