13份矮生番茄种质资源表型性状遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity Analysis of 13 Dwarf Tomato Germplasm Resources by Phenotypic Traits

本研究对矮生番茄13份种质资源的11个质量性状和15个数量性状进行遗传变异、主成分、相关性以及聚类分析。结果表明,供试材料的表型性状具有丰富的遗传多样性,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H’)的变化范围为1.84~2.61,在质量性状中最高和最低分别是果肉色(2.52)和成熟前果色(1.84);在数量性状中最高和最低分别是单花序果数(2.61)和果形指数(2.17),数量性状的变异系数变化范围为9.57%~81.12%,除果形指数(9.57%)外,其他数量性状变异系数均大于10%;提取的5个主成分特征值均大于1,5个主成分的累计贡献率达到了83.469%;各个性状间存在复杂的相互关系;通过聚类分析可将供试材料聚类为Ⅳ大类,第Ⅰ、Ⅱ类群株型为直立紧凑,株高较矮,适宜作为盆栽观赏番茄;第Ⅲ、Ⅳ类群株型为半蔓性,糖度较高,可作为前两大类群品质改良的育种材料。

Genetic variation,principal component,genetic correlation and cluster analysis were carried out by 11 qualitative and 15 quantitative traits to study the genetic diversity of 13 dwarf tomato germplasm resources.The results showed that the genetic diversity of phenotypic traits was rich in these tomato germplasms.The diversity indices of Shannon-Wiener ranged from 1.84 to 2.61 in different traits.In qualitative traits,the highest diversity index was flesh color(2.52),and the lowest was unripened fruit color(1.84);In quantitative traits,the highest genetic diversity index was fruit per inflorescence(2.61),and the lowest was fruit shape index(2.17).The variation coefficient of quantitative traits ranged from 9.57% to 81.12%,beyond the fruit shape index(9.57%) was greater than 10%;The eigenvalues of the seven principal components extracted and their cumulative contribution rate reached 83.469%;There was a complex relationship among these traits;By cluster analysis,the test materials were grouped into Ⅳ class.Group Ⅰ and Ⅱ might be used as ornamental tomato pot for erect plant and short plant height;The plant type of Group Ⅲ and Ⅳ is semitendril,which might be used as breeding material to improve quality of groupⅠand Ⅱfor the higher sugar content.