Ku波段新型双辐射体天线的电气特性分析

Electrical characteristics of the new dual radiator antenna in Ku band

为满足水下航行器在复杂海况中接收来自海面高速数据对天线的需求,文中提出了一种Ku波段双辐射体天线的设计方案.首先在半波振子天线的正交方向添加寄生辐射体,在限定天线线径比的情况下利用寄生辐射体改善天线在复杂海况中的全向性,通过计算天线的寄生辐射体之间的间距衔接天线不同辐射体之间的电流分布;然后对天线振子上的电流分布进行近似推导,得到新型双辐射体天线的具体结构参数;最后通过电磁仿真计算,得出天线的电气特性,并进行实物测量和对比.仿真和测量结果表明,新型双辐射体天线在复杂海况造成的全部运动姿态中,水下反射系数小于0.45,水下增益高于-40 dBi,在所处水平面之上呈现全向性,实测结果与仿真结果具有较好的一致性.该天线具有线径比大、全向、水下增益较高的特点,性能受不同运动姿态的影响较小,为水下航行器的高频拖曳天线提供了一种新颖的天线结构.

To meet the demand of antenna for underwater vehicle receiving high-speed data from sea surface in complex sea conditions,a design scheme of Ku band dual radiator antenna is proposed.The parasitic radiator is added in the orthogonal direction of the half-wave dipole antenna.Under the condition of limited antenna wire-to-diameter ratio,the parasitic radiator is used to improve the omni-directional performance of the antenna in complex sea conditions.By adjusting the spacing between the parasitic radiators of the antenna,the current distribution between different radiators of the antenna is connected.Through the approximate derivation of the current distribution on the oscillator,the specific structural parameters of the new dual radiator antenna are obtained,and the electrical characteristics of the new dual radiator antenna,such as the far field and direction pattern,are obtained.Through the electromagnetic simulation calculation,the electrical characteristics of the antenna are verified,and the actual measurement and comparison are made.The simulation and measurement results show that the underwater reflection coefficient of the new dual radiator antenna is less than 0.45 and the underwater gain is higher than-40 dBi in complex sea conditions,showing omni-directional above the horizontal plane.The measured results are in good agreement with the simulation results.The antenna has the characteristics of large wire-diameter ratio,omnidirectional and high underwater gain,which provides a novel antenna structure for the high frequency trailing antenna of underwater vehicle.