黔东南苗族“抢婚”习俗的法律运用及其调适思考

A Study on the Conflict and Adjustment between the Traditional Custom of“Snatching a Bride”and Criminal Law of the Miao People in Qiandongnan

黔东南苗族传统“抢婚”习俗主要有反抗“姑舅表婚”发生的抢婚、避免过重“彩礼”负担实施的“抢婚”和纯粹违背女方意愿以暴力手段实施的“抢婚”三种情况。前两种“抢婚”不具有刑法意义上的社会危害性,不是犯罪行为。第三种即违背女方意愿以暴力手段实施的“抢婚”,在不同情形下可能触犯刑法中的暴力干涉婚姻自由罪、故意伤害罪或者故意杀人罪、强奸罪和非法拘禁罪。应通过提高苗族民众的法律意识,明晰“抢婚”行为的罪与非罪、此罪与彼罪界限,强化苗族民众和司法工作人员处理“抢婚”案件的国家法意识,以实现黔东南苗族传统“抢婚”制度与刑法冲突的调适。

The traditional custom of“snatching a bride”of Miao people in Qiandongnan prefecture is mainly manifested in resisting the custom of“relatives’marriage”,the heavy burden of“financial gifts”and the violent marriage against wishes of women.The first two patterns without harmfulness to the society do not belong to the criminal,while the third one mentioned above may violate the crime of violent interference in the freedom of marriage,the crime of intentional injury or the crime of intention⁃al torture,rape and illegal detention in the criminal law under different circumstances.Therefore,the national law consciousness of Miao people and judicial staff in dealing with the case of“snatching a bride”should be strengthened by improving the legal consciousness of Miao people,clarifying the boundary between crime and non-crime,the crime and other crimes,and strengthening the national law consciousness of Miao people and judicial staff in dealing with“snatching a bride”cases,realizing the adjustment of the conflict between the traditional“snatching a bride”system and criminal law of Miao nationality in Qiandongnan prefecture.