尿液阳性标本的细菌分布及药物敏感性分析

Analysis of Bacterial Distribution and Drug Sensitivity of Urine Positive Specimens

目的:分析尿液阳性标本的细菌分布以及药物敏感性,为临床挑选适宜的抗菌药物提供参考依据。方法:选取2017年1月-2020年2月江苏省无锡市惠山区第二人民医院30例患者送检的尿液标本,对所有的尿液进行分离和培养,并且分析尿液阳性标本的细菌分布以及药物敏感性。结果:分出病原菌28株,阳性率为93.33%;其中17株革兰阴性菌,占比60.71%,6株为革兰阳性菌,占比21.42%,5株真菌,占比17.86%。主要的病原菌为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌肺炎亚种。革兰阴性菌对亚胺培南的敏感性最高,其次为阿米卡星、青霉素类的哌拉西林/他唑巴坦,耐药性最强的为复方新诺明。革兰阳性菌对药物的敏感性依次为万古霉素、替考拉宁和利奈唑烷。结论:大肠埃希菌为泌尿系统感染的主要病原菌,对头孢唑林、氨芐西林、环丙沙星、哌拉西林和左氧氟沙星敏感性较低,在实际的过程中禁用以上的药物进行治疗。

Objective:To analyze the bacterial distribution and drug sensitivity of urine positive specimens,and provide reference for clinical selection of suitable antimicrobial agents.Methods:Urine specimens from 30 patients submitted to the Second People's Hospital of Huishan District in Wuxi City from January 2017 to February 2020 were selected,and all urine were separated and cultured,and the bacterial distribution and drug sensitivity of urine positive specimens were analyzed.Results:A total of 28 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated,with a positive rate of 93.33%;among them,17 strains were Gram-negative bacteria,accounting for 60.71%,6 strains were Gram-positive bacteria,accounting for 21.42%,and 5 strains were fungi,accounting for 17.86%.The main pathogens were Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae subspecies.Gram-negative bacteria had the highest sensitivity to imipenem,followed by amikacin and penicillin-type piperacillin/tazobactam,and cotrimoxazole was the most resistant;Drug susceptibility of Gram-positive was detected in an order of vancomycin,teicoplanin and linezolid.Conclusion:Escherichia coli is the main pathogen of urinary tract infection,and has low sensitivity to cefazolin,ampicillin,ciprofloxacin,piperacillin and levofloxacin,and the above drugs are prohibited in the actual process.