脂肪代谢重要基因网络对呼伦贝尔羊脂肪分布和脂肪酸组成的影响

Effect of Important Fat Metabolism Gene Networks on Fat Distribution and Fatty Acid Profile in Hulunbuir Sheep

选择5月龄圈养呼伦贝尔羊巴尔虎品系与短尾品系为实验材料(n=20),通过测定其脂肪分布、脂肪酸组成、FTO和METTL3等基因的相对表达量,研究不同品系呼伦贝尔羊脂肪代谢重要基因网络对脂肪分布和脂肪酸组成的影响。结果表明:巴尔虎羊背最长肌和臂三头肌FTO和METTL3,臂三头肌、股二头肌及皮脂AMPK,背最长肌、皮脂及尾脂CPT1 mRNA相对表达量显著高于短尾羊(P<0.05),背最长肌和股二头肌饱和脂肪酸、皮脂和尾脂多不饱和脂肪酸、尾脂单不饱和脂肪酸的占比显著大于短尾羊(P<0.05);巴尔虎羊肌肉部位ACC,皮脂FTO、METTL3、PPARγ和ACC mRNA相对表达量显著低于短尾羊(P<0.05),肌内脂肪含量和质量、胴体总脂肪质量和胴体脂率、背最长肌多不饱和脂肪酸和尾脂饱和脂肪酸占比显著小于短尾羊(P<0.05)。综上,该基因网络的差异表达在一定程度上影响了不同品系呼伦贝尔羊脂肪代谢和能量代谢,进而影响了脂肪分布和脂肪酸组成。

Five-month-old captive Hulunbuir sheep(Baerhu and short-fat-tailed,n=10 for each)were selected to study the effect of important gene networks related to fat metabolism on fat distribution and fatty acid profile.The results showed that the relative mRNA expression of the fat mass and obesity associated(FTO)and methyltransferase 3(METTL3)genes in longissimus dorsi and triceps brachii,the relative mRNA expression of the AMP-activated proteinkinase(AMPK)gene in triceps brachii,biceps femoris and subcutaneous fat,and the relative mRNA expression of the carnitine palmitate transferase(CPT1)gene in longissimus dorsi,subcutaneous fat and tail fat were significantly higher in Baerhu sheep than in short-fat-tailed sheep(P<0.05),and the proportion of saturated fatty acids in longissimus dorsi and biceps femoris,the proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids in subcutaneous and tail fat,and the proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids in tail fat of Baerhu sheep were significantly higher than those in short-fat-tailed sheep(P<0.05).The relative mRNA expression of the acetyl-CoA carboxylase(ACC)gene in muscle,and FTO,METTL3,PPARγ(peroxisome proliferators-activated receptorγ)and ACC in subcutaneous fat,the content and mass of intramuscular fat,total carcass fat mass,carcass fat percentage,the proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids in longissimus dorsi and the proportion of saturated fatty acids in tail fat were significantly lower in Baerhu sheep than in short-fat-tailed sheep(P<0.05).In conclusion,the differential expression of this gene network can affect fat metabolism and energy metabolism of different strains of Hulunbuir sheep to a certain extent and consequently fat distribution and fatty acid profile.