无卤氧化铁改性涤纶阻燃织物的制备及其性能

Preparation flame retardant polyester fabric modified with halogen-free ferric oxide and its property

为达到涤纶织物的无卤、低烟、低毒阻燃,采用熔融纺丝法实现纳米氧化铁(Fe_(2)O_(3))对涤纶的阻燃改性,并织制不同组织结构的Fe_(2)O_(3)改性涤纶织物,研究了织物组织结构与阻燃性能的关系。结果表明:改性涤纶平纹织物的综合阻燃性能较优异,与纯织物相比,点燃时间延长132.4%,续燃时间缩短,热释放速率下降30.1%,总热释放量下降19.7%,总产烟量减少43.5%,且烟释放速率减少44.1%;涤纶改性斜纹织物在抑制火焰蔓延方面作用明显,在织物厚度相同的情况下,织物组织系数越小,紧度越大,织物燃烧后易形成致密炭层结构,从而中断燃烧反应,发挥阻燃与抑烟的双重效应。

In order to achieve the"halogen-free,low smoke,low toxicity"flame retardant of polyester fabric,the polyethylene terephthalate(PET)fiber was modified with the nano iron oxide(Fe_(2)O_(3))using the melt spinning method.Fe_(2)O_(3)/PET fabric with different structures were constructed through weaving,so as to explore the internal relationship between fabric structure and flame retardant properties.The results show that the comprehensive flame retardant properties of Fe_(2)O_(3)/PET fabric with plain weave structure were significantly improved.Compared with the pure PET fabric,the ignition time was prolonged 132.4%.The heat release rate and the total heat release reduced by 30.1%,19.7%.The total smoke production and smoke release rate have decreased by 43.5%and 44.1%,respectively.The Fe_(2)O_(3)/PET twill fabric played an obvious role in inhibiting flame spread.The research proved that,under the same fabric thickness,smaller fabric structure coefficient caused greater tightness.Fabric burning led to the dense layer of charcoal,which interrupted the combustion reaction and thus achieving double effect for flame retardant and smoke suppression.