静电纺丝和炭化法制备纳米纤维素储能材料研究进展

Research progress in nanocellulose energy storage materials based on electrospinning and carbonization methods

为促进纳米纤维素材料在储能领域的应用,综述了以其为原料,采用静电纺丝和炭化技术以及2种方法结合制备用于电池和超级电容器等电极材料和隔膜材料的工艺。通过分析发现:静电纺纳米纤维素材料具有电化学性能优异、柔性较好等优点,可用作增强材料与导电材料复合使用;炭化处理纳米纤维素材料具有独特微孔结构,比表面积大等特点,其存在的形态主要有气凝胶、纳米纤维膜及薄膜等;重点分析了2种方法叠加制备纳米纤维素材料在储能领域应用中存在的问题;提出构建环保、形态结构多样的天然基材储能器件是未来的发展方向,指出静电纺丝和炭化制备纳米纤维素材料在柔性储能器件和小巧型移动端储能设备中具有较好应用前景。

In order to promote the application of nanocellulose materials for energy storage,the preparation of electrode materials and separator materials for batteries and supercapacitors was reviewed with concentrations on carbonization and electrospinning technology and the combination of the two methods.It was found that electrospun nanocellulose has the advantages of excellent electrochemical properties and good flexibility,which can be used as composite reinforcement and conductive materials.Carbonization treatment of nanofibers has unique microporous structure and large specific surface area,whose main forms are aerogels,fibrous membranes and thin films.After analyzing the existing problems using nanocellulose materials prepared by electrospinning and carbonization technology,the paper pointed out that the construction of environmentally friendly natural substrate energy storage devices with various forms and structures is one of the future development directions.It is summarized that the preparation of nano cellulose materials by electrospinning and carbonization has a good application prospect in flexible energy storage devices and compact mobile end energy storage equipment.