基于时代背景的魏晋南北朝文学特点探析

Analysis of the literary characteristics of Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties Based on the Historical Background

魏晋南北朝历时约400年,一直处于国家分裂和政局动荡状态,如春秋战国般没有绝对强权的统治,但虽为乱世思想却得到了极大的解放,可以说是古代中国人第二次思想升华的伟大时代,文学创作空前活跃,文学走上了独立自觉的道路。这一时期的文学冲破儒家“诗教”束缚而独立,与史学和哲学有了明显的分工;思辨批判性彰显;玄学气息浓郁,推崇和发扬了道教文化;表现形式丰富多彩,诗、赋、散文和民歌等各种文学在魏晋南北朝时期都有着专属于自己的舞台。

Lasting for about 400 years,Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties were always in a state of national division and political turmoil.And just like the Spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period,there was no power politics.Although it was a chaotic time,the thought has been greatly emancipated,which can be said to be the great era of the second sublimation of ancient Chinese thought.Literary creation was unprecedentedly active.literature has embarked on the road of independence and self-consciousness.It broke through the shackles of Confucian poetic creed and was clearly distinguished from historiography and philosophy.The speculation structure began to manifest;And literature was full of metaphysics,which praised and developed the Taoist culture.What’s more,it had various forms of expression,such as poetry,Fu,prose and the folk song,which all had their own stage in the Wei,Jin,southern and Northern Dynasties.