简论“剩余数据”的生产逻辑——数字经济时代的平台资本盈利新模式

A Brief Discussion on the Production Logic of“Surplus Data”:A New Profit Model of Platform Capital in the Era of Digital Economy

大数据与物联网技术的发展凸显了数据作为商品的重要性,催生了收集和分析用户数据的数据挖掘产业。反映生产生活各行业领域动态的原始数据被收集起来,上传至云端数据库并交由互联网企业的技术团队进行挖掘分析与解读,生产出包含“剩余数据”的商品,面向市场出售和提供服务。“剩余数据”是一种不断根据数据分析结果进行处理的动态累积型数据,也是实现数据商品化的技术要素。它承载着数字劳动所创造的价值,并以商品化的形式分离了有关数据的所有权和使用权。通过这种分离,平台资本获得了利润,将数字劳动生产出来的数据商品发展成为数字资本。在数字经济蓬勃发展的今天,必须深入考察和分析“剩余数据”的生产方式,警惕平台资本借助这种形式榨取利润并无序扩张。

The development of big data and Internet of things(IOT)technology has highlighted the importance of data as a commodity,giving birth to the data mining industry that collects and analyzes user data.The raw data reflecting the dynamics of various industries in production and life are collected,uploaded to the cloud database,and then handed over to the technical team of the Internet company for mining,analysis and interpretation,producing products containing“surplus data”,and selling and providing services to the market.“Surplus data”is a kind of dynamic accumulative data that is continuously processed according to the data analysis results,and it is also a technical element to realize data commercialization.It carries the value created by digital labor and commodifies the separation of ownership and usage rights of data.Through this separation,platform capital gains profits and develops data commodities produced by digital labor into digital capital.In today’s booming digital economy,it is necessary to deeply examine and analyze the production method of“surplus data”,and be wary of platforms that use this form to extract profits and expand disorderly.