杧果采后病原菌的分离、鉴定及致病力研究

Isolation,identification and pathogenicity of postharvest pathogens in mango fruit

从自然发病的杧果果实分离纯化得到4株致病菌,经生理生化实验结合分子鉴定,分别为杧果蒂腐病致病菌小新壳梭孢(Neofusicoccum parvum)、葡萄座腔菌(Botryosphaeria dothidea)、杧果炭疽病致病菌暹罗炭疽菌(Colletotrichum siamense)和胶孢炭疽菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides).致病力和生物学特性分析结果显示,小新壳梭孢致病力最强,其最适生长温度为28℃,最适生长pH为6.0~8.0,孢子致死温度为60℃;葡萄座腔菌的最适生长温度为28~30℃,最适生长pH为6.0~9.0,孢子致死温度为55℃;暹罗炭疽菌和胶孢炭疽菌的最适生长温度为28~30℃,最适生长pH为7.0~9.0,孢子致死温度为55℃.本研究分离得到的致病菌可为杧果采后病害发生和控制提供理论参考和研究材料.

Four strains were isolated and purified from naturally infected mango fruits.After physiological and biochemical experiments combined with molecular identification,they were identified as Neofusicoccum parvum,Botryosphaeria dothidea,Colletotrichum siamense and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides,respectively.Pathogenicity and biological characteristics results showed that Neofusicoccum parvum had the strongest pathogenicity,whose optimal growth temperature,optimal growth pH,and spore lethal temperature were 28℃,6.0~8.0and 60℃,respectively.By contrast,those of Botryosphaeria dothidea was 28~30℃,6.0~9.0and 55℃.In addition,the optimal growth temperature for Colletotrichum siamense and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides was both 28~30℃,but the optimal growth pH and spore lethal temperature was 7.0~9.0and 55℃,respectively.These pathogens isolated in this research can not only provide theoretical basis but also research materials for the understanding of postharvest disease incidence and control in mango fruit.