辣木花粉离体萌发研究

Pollen of Moringa oleifera:Germination in vitro

为筛选出适宜不同辣木材料花粉的离体萌发培养基,本研究以辣木花粉为试材,采用单因素试验和正交试验研究氯化钙、蔗糖及硼酸浓度对辣木花粉萌发的影响,并观测不同辣木材料的花粉萌发率。研究结果表明,各试验因素对辣木花粉萌发的影响程度依次为蔗糖>氯化钙>硼酸,蔗糖和氯化钙浓度对辣木花粉萌发率的影响显著,而硼酸浓度影响不显著;辣木花粉在175 g/L蔗糖,400 mg/L氯化钙,150 mg/L硼酸的培养基中,花粉平均萌发率显著高于其他处理。对不同辣木材料的花粉萌发率进行测定,发现美国种源的辣木花粉活力较高,肯尼亚种源的花粉活力较低。本研究结果可为辣木杂交育种的父本选择提供参考,提高人工杂交授粉的效率。

To screen out the optimal medium for the pollen germination in vitro of different Moringa oleifera materials, the pollen of Moringa oleifera was used as material, and the single factor and orthogonal design were used to study the effects of calcium chloride, sucrose and boric acid concentration on pollen germination of Moringa oleifera. The germination rate of pollen was observed. The results show that the effects of factors on pollen germination in vitro of Moringa oleifera are as following: sucrose > calcium chloride > boric acid. The concentrations of sucrose and calcium chloride have a significant effect on the pollen germination rate of Moringa oleifera, however, the concentration of boric acid has no significant effect. The average pollen germination rate of Moringa oleifera pollen in the medium of 175 g/L sucrose, 400 mg/L calcium chloride, and150 mg/L boric acid is significantly higher than that of the other treatments. The pollen germination rate of different Moringa oleifera materials is determined, and it is found that the pollen viability of Moringa oleifera from American provenance is relatively high, while the pollen from Kenya provenance is relatively low. The results of this study can provide certain reference for male parent selection in hybrid breeding of Moringa oleifera and improve the efficiency of artificial cross-pollination.