农业废弃物稻壳材料化利用研究进展

Research Progress on Material Utilization of Agricultural Waste Rice Husk

稻壳是稻谷加工后产生的农业废弃物,是重要的生物质资源之一,直接丢弃、掩埋或焚烧不但会造成资源浪费更会引起环境污染。资源化利用是稻壳有效利用的发展方向和趋势,符合当前农业可持续发展和绿色循环农业产业发展的要求,而材料化利用是稻壳资源化利用中的一种新途径,已成为国内外研究热点。鉴于此,本研究在总结稻壳性能的基础上,以稻壳制备的稻壳板、稻壳聚合物基复合材料和稻壳水泥基复合材料为例,重点阐述并分析了其性能及研究进展,并对稻壳资源在材料化利用方面的发展方向和趋势进行了展望,为稻壳资源材料化利用的进一步研究提供参考。

Rice husk is a kind of agricultural waste produced after rice processing, and one of the important biomass resources. Discarding, burying or burning of rice husk in open field directly will cause not only waste of resources but also environmental problems. Resource utilization is the development trend of effective utilization of rice husk, which is in line with the requirements of the sustainable agricultural development and green and circular agricultural development. Material utilization is a new way of rice husk resource utilization,which has become the focus of research at home and abroad. Therefore, on the basis of analyzing the properties of rice husk, this paper took rice husk board, rice husk-polymer composite and rice husk-cement composite as examples, reviewed the research progress on the performance of the composites and the material utilization of rice husk resources. Finally, the development direction of material utilization of rice husk resource was discussed, so as to provide reference for further research.