小学体育教学中防控近视的睫状肌训练时值研究

Study on Ciliary Muscle Training Duration for Preventing and Controlling Myopia in Primary School Physical Education

目的:观察体育教学中不同视标呈现时值的睫状肌训练对小学生裸眼远视力和动态视力的影响。方法:将123名小学生随机分为睫状肌训练视标呈现时值1 s组、3 s组、5 s组和对照组并进行32周干预实验,在实验前、中、后分别进行裸眼远视力与动态视力检测。结果:实验后,各实验组的动态视力及裸眼远视力均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);1 s组和3 s组的动态视力和裸眼远视力后测较中测、后测较前测,以及中测较前测均显著性提高(P<0.05);5 s组的动态视力和裸眼远视力后测较中测,以及后测较前测均显著性提高(P<0.05);对照组的动态视力后测较前测显著性下降(P<0.05),裸眼远视力中测较前测以及后测较前测均显著性下降(P<0.05)。结论:视标呈现1 s、3 s和5 s时值的睫状肌训练,对小学生的动态视力和裸眼远视力有积极影响。在体育教学中采用视标呈现1~3 s时值的睫状肌训练较为科学、合理。

Objective:To observe the effect of ciliary muscle training with different visual target presentation time on static visual acuit and kinetic visual acuity of primary school students in physical education.Methods:123 primary school students were randomly divided into 1s group,3 s group,5 s group and control group for different ciliary muscle training optotype presentation time and the intervention experiment lasted for 36 weeks.Before,during and after the experiment,static visual acuit and dynamic vision were tested.Results:After the experiment,the kinetic visual acuity and static visual acuit of each intervention group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).The kinetic visual acuity and static visual acuit in 1s and 3 s group were significantly improved in post-test compared with middle test,in post-test compared with pretest,and in middle test compared with pretest(P<0.05).The kinetic visual acuity and static visual acuit n in the 5 s group were significantly improved in post-test compared with middle test,and in post-test compared with pre-test(P<0.05);The kinetic visual acuity of the control group was significantly lower than that of the pre-test(P<0.05),and the static visual acuit n in both of the middle test and the post-test were significantly lower than that of the pre-test(P<0.05).Conclusion:The ciliary muscle training with 1s,3 s and 5 s visual target presentation time had a positive impact on the dynamic vision and static visual acuit of the students.It is more scientific and reasonable to use the ciliary muscle training with 1~3 s time duration in physical education teaching.