出土汉代俗赋的文学史意义

The Significance of Unearthed Folk Fu of the Han Dynasty in Literary History

二十世纪以来出土的汉代《田章》《韩朋赋》《神乌赋》《妄稽》《反淫》等俗赋,一方面具有很强的世俗娱乐教化色彩,另一方面题材内容又有一定的历史文化渊源,是文士传统和民间文化教化传统的统一。参照出土文物中大量的说唱俑(俳优俑、滑稽俑),结合传世文献中弥漫于宫廷和社会中的言语娱乐活动,可以看出,俗赋是宫廷贵族文学和民间文学、士子文人和民间艺人的融合。汉代文学的建构随着儒家经学观念的盛行,西汉末至东汉重视文学教化,文学下行,在民间与宫廷、俗与雅中文学随之变化发展。

“Tian Zhang”“Hanpeng Fu”“Shenwu Fu”“False Accusation”and“Anti-eroticism”and other folk Fuin the Han Dynasty,which have beenunearthedsince the last century,have a strong sense of secular entertainment and education,with the theme content featured by a certain historical and cultural origin.They are the integration of the tradition of literati and the tradition of folk culture and education.Referring to many rap figurines(comedian figurines and funny figurines)in the unearthed cultural relics,and taking the speech and entertainment activities in the court and society in the ancient literature into consideration,we can conclude that vulgar Fu was the integration of court noble literature and folk literature,scholars and folk artists.The construction of literature in the Han Dynasty,with the prevalence of Confucian classics,paid attention to literary education from the end of the Western Han Dynasty to the Eastern Han Dynasty.Literature,changed and developed accordingly in the folk and court,in the popular and elegant forms.