2011—2020年贵阳市输入性疟疾流行特征分析

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of imported malaria from 2011 to 2020 in Guiyang,China

目的分析并掌握贵阳市境外输入性疟疾流行病学特征,为防控境外输入性疟疾提供科学依据。方法资料来自寄生虫病防治信息管理系统疟疾病例个案调查表。采用描述性流行病学方法,分析2011—2020年贵阳市网络报告境外输入性疟疾病例的时间分布、地区分布、人群分布、感染虫种、感染来源等流行病学特点。结果2011—2020年贵阳市共报告境外输入性疟疾病例53例,其中恶性疟45例、间日疟3例、卵形疟4例、混合型1例。全年各月均有病例报告,无明显季节性。云岩区、观山湖区报告病例较多,占62.26%(33/53);输入地主要是非洲94.34%和东南亚5.66%。报告病例以30~60岁中青年人群为主,占79.25%(42/53);男女性别比为52∶1;职业以劳务输出的农民工为主,占62.26%(33/53),其次是工程技术人员,占30.19%(16/53)。结论贵阳市境外输入性疟疾防控形势依然严峻,应加强多部门合作,管理和控制好传染源。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of imported malaria in Guiyang city,in order to provide scientific basis for imported malaria control and prevention.Methods The data was collected from the malaria individual questionnaires of parasite control information management system.Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the time distribution,regional distribution,population distribution,plasmodium species,source of infection and other epidemiological characteristics of imported malaria cases reported by Guiyang network system in 2011-2020.Results From 2011 to 2020,53 cases of imported malaria were reported in Guiyang,45cases were infected with Plasmodium falciparum,3 with P.vivax,4 with P.ovale and 1 case of mixed infection.The cases were reported in all months of the year without obvious seasonality.In Yunyan district and Guanshanhu district,62.26%(33/53)of the cases were reported.Among the cases,94.34%were imported from Africa and 5.66%from Southeast Asia.The reported cases were mainly young and middle-aged people aged 30-60,accounted for 79.25%(42/53).The male and female ratio was 52∶1.Those abroad labor workers accounted for 62.26%(33/53),followed by engineering technicians,accounted for 30.19%(16/53).Conclusion The situation of prevention and control of imported malaria in Guiyang is still serious,so we should strengthen multi-department cooperation,manage and control the source of infection.