基于北斗定位技术的海上求救终端研究

Research on Maritime Distress Terminal Based on Beidou Positioning Technology

海上遇难求救主要采用全球海上遇难与安全系统。该系统是一种基于卫星通信和无线通信技术的应急通信系统。但该系统安装在船舶上,当船舶受损或电力系统出现问题时,需要一种稳定、可靠、便捷的备用求救系统。我国自主研发的北斗定位系统不仅定位精准而且具有短报文通信功能,结合卫星通信网络,适合作为海上遇难求救的备用通信方式。为此,本文设计一种利用北斗定位结合卫星通信技术的海上遇险求救终端。此终端采用电池供电,以低功耗STM32处理器为核心,外围搭载北斗定位芯片和卫星通信芯片,提供救生衣自动启动和声光报警接口。此终端为可穿戴防水设计,便于海上作业人员应用,当人员落水或遇难时终端可自主启动,也可一键启动,向其他船只或陆地救助机构发送位置信息和求救信号。此终端的应用可以有效缩短救助时间,降低搜救成本,提高救助成功率,可作为全球海上遇难与安全系统的备用求救方式。

The global maritime distress and safety system is mainly used for maritime distress and rescue. The system is an emergency communication system based on satellite communication and wireless communication technology. However, the system is installed on the ship. When the ship is damaged or the power system has problems, a stable, reliable and convenient standby rescue system is needed. The Beidou Positioning System independently developed by China not only has accurate positioning, but also has short message communication function. Combined with satellite communication network, it is suitable to be used as a standby communication mode for maritime distress and rescue. This design presents a maritime distress terminal using Beidou Positioning and satellite communication technology. The terminal is battery powered, with low-power STM32 processor as the core, Beidou Positioning chip and satellite communication chip on the periphery, and provides automatic start-up of life jacket and audible and visual alarm interface.The terminal is wearable and waterproof, which is convenient for the application of offshore operators. When falling into the water or in distress, the terminal can be started independently or with one key to send location information and distress signals to other ships or land rescue agencies. The application of this terminal can effectively shorten the rescue time, reduce the search and rescue cost, improve the rescue success rate, and become a standby rescue mode for the global maritime distress and safety system.