高通量测序技术分析茅台酿酒高粱根际真菌群落特征

Analysis of Fungal Community Characteristics in the Rhizosphere of Moutai Brewing Sorghum Based on High-throughput Sequencing Technology

茅台镇特产的有机糯高粱"红缨子",其特有的品质与根际真菌群落特征有着密切的关系,研究采用高通量测序技术对茅台镇以及周边地区种植的红缨子高粱根际真菌群落组成及多样性进行分析,结果表明茅台镇高粱根际真菌多样性指数均高于其他2个样地,且茅台镇与坛厂镇共有的真菌最多,两地真菌群落组成相似度较高。3个地区高粱根际真菌OTU隶属4门、17纲、42目、75科、158属,子囊菌门在3个样地都为优势菌门,其在茅台镇和坛厂镇的相对丰度显著低于鸭溪镇。接合菌门和球囊菌门真菌的相对丰度均为茅台镇>坛厂镇>鸭溪镇。属水平,篮状菌属和被孢囊霉属真菌在茅台镇、坛厂镇的分布高于鸭溪镇;茅台镇的赤霉菌属、隐球酵母属真菌的相对丰度显著低于鸭溪镇。可以看出,在茅台镇高粱根际生态友好的真菌的分布相对较广泛,而植物病原菌的分布相对较低。

The unique quality of the organic sorghum named“Hongyingzi”in Maotai Town is closely related to the distribution and composition of the rhizosphere fungi. The sorghum rhizosphere fungal community composition and characteristics in Maotai Town and its surrounding areas were analyzed by using the high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that the sorghum rhizosphere fungal diversity index in Maotai Town was higher than that of the other two plots,and the fungal community compositions in Maotai Town and Tanchang Town were similar. The sorghum rhizosphere fungi of the three regions belonged to 4 phylum,17 classes,42 orders,75 families,and 158 genera. The Ascomycota fungi was the dominant phyla in all three plots,and the relative abundance of Ascomycota fungi in Maotai Town and Tanchang Town was significantly lower than that in Yaxi Town. The relative abundance values of Zygomycota fungi and Glomeromycota fungi were the highest in Maotai Town. The relative abundance values of Talaromyces and Mortierella in Maotai Town and Tanchang Town were higher than that in Yaxi Town. The relative abundance of Gibberella and Cryptococcus in Maotai Town was lower than that in Yaxi Town. In Maotai town,the distribution of the eco-friendly fungi in the sorghum rhizosphere was relatively widespread,while the distribution of the pathogenic fungi was relatively low.