枸溶性钾肥对玉溪烟叶及根区土壤养分含量的影响

Nutrient Content of Tobacco Leaves and Root Zone Soil Affected by Citrate Soluble Potassium Fertilizer in Yuxi

为解决限制玉溪烟叶钾含量无法进一步提升,烟叶钾钙镁含量不均衡的问题,取云南玉溪2个试验小区,采用大田试验设置5个施肥处理(农民常规(T_(1))、无钾(T_(2))、硫酸钾(T_(3))、枸钾1/4代替(T_(4))、枸钾1/2代替(T_(5))),研究不同肥料配方对烟叶及根区土壤养分的影响。结果表明,塔甸地区T_(4)处理、新平地区T_(4)~T_(5)处理的烟叶产量较高,提升幅度为3.43%、49.7%、61.1%。2个地区施用枸溶性钾肥(T_(4))可在进一步增加烟叶钾钙含量的基础上,增加烟叶镁含量、降低硫含量,使烟叶钾钙镁含量的比例更加协调,分别为1.4、1.1。施用枸溶性钾肥可显著提升根区土壤有效钙镁含量,2个地区的T_(4)处理可分别提升37.6%、31.8%的有效钙,而T_(5)处理可分别提升112.1%、46.4%的有效镁。综合不同施肥配方对烟叶及土壤养分含量的影响认为,枸钾1/4代替处理在塔甸和新平得到较好的效果,烟叶品质、根区土壤速效养分得到有效提升。

The paper aims at the problems of potassium content limits and unbalanced content of potassium,calcium and magnesium in Yuxi tobacco leaves.Two field experiment plots were selected to study the nutrient content of tobacco leaves and root zone soil affected by different fertilizer formulas,and five fertilization treatments(T_(1) farmers’conventional fertilization,T_(2) potassium-free,T_(3) potassium sulfate,T_(4) citrate soluble potassium fertilizer substituting 1/4 potassium and T_(5) citrate soluble potassium fertilizer substituting 1/2 potassium)were set up.The results showed that T_(4) in Tadian area,and T_(4) and T_(5) in Xinping area had the highest tobacco yield,which increased by 3.43%,49.7%and 61.1%,respectively.In the two areas,besides increasing the content of potassium and calcium in tobacco leaves,the application of citrate soluble potassium fertilizer(T_(4))could increase the content of magnesium,reduce the content of sulfur,and coordinate the content ratio of potassium,calcium and magnesium in tobacco leaves,and the ratio was 1.4 in Tadian and 1.1 in Xinping,respectively.The application of citrate soluble potassium fertilizer significantly increased the content of soil available Ca and Mg of the root zone.In the two study areas,T_(4) could increase the soil available Ca by 37.6%and 31.8%respectively,while T_(5) could increase the soil available Mg by 112.1%and 46.4%respectively.Based on the effects of different fertilization formulas on tobacco leaves and soil nutrient content,it could be concluded that T_(4) treatment has a better effect in Tadian and Xinping,and the quality of tobacco leaves and soil available nutrients in root zone are effectively improved.