全球低风速风电发展现状与展望

Current Status Quo and Future of Global Low Wind Speed Power

近年来,全球风电开发的重心逐渐向低风速地区转移,充分挖掘低风速地区风电开发潜力成为突破风电发展瓶颈的关键。为了更好地指导全球低风速风电开发,在总结全球风电发展现状的基础上,重点梳理了低风速风电发展的现状与趋势,分析了低风速风电发展的关键问题,结果表明:2020年全球风电新增装机同比增长14%,增长率创历史新高,实现了疫情下的逆势增长。全球新增装机中低风速风电占比快速提升,从2015年的6.7%增加到2019年的37.3%。从区域分布来看,亚太和北美是低风速风电的主要分布区域,其中中国低风速风电装机占全球的72%。未来低风速风电将继续保持稳定增长趋势。由于风资源能量密度低、靠近负荷侧等特点,低风速风电开发需在机组设计、开发模式、减少生态环境影响等方面进一步创新发展。

In recent years,the focus of global wind power development has gradually shifted to low wind speed areas.Fully exploitation of low wind speed power becomes the key to breaking through the bottleneck of wind power development.In order to better guide the development of low wind speed power,based on the summary of current situation of global wind power development,the current situation and trend of low wind speed power development are combed,and the key problems of low wind speed power development are also analyzed.The results show that in 2020,the new installed capacity of global wind power is increased by 14%year-on-year and the growth rate reaches a record high,which realizes the counter trend growth under the epidemic.The proportion of low wind speed power in newly-installed wind capacity in the world is rapidly increased from 6.7%in 2015 to 37.3%in 2019.In terms of regional distribution,Asia Pacific and North America are the main distribution areas of low wind speed power,of which China's installed capacity of low wind speed power accounts for 72%of the world.In the future,the low wind speed power will continue to maintain a stable growth trend.Due to the characteristics of low energy density of wind resources and close to the user-side,the low wind speed power needs to be considered in unit design,development mode and reducing ecological environment impact.