玻璃体腔注药治疗非感染性葡萄膜炎黄斑水肿的研究现状与进展

The status and advances of intravitreal injection in treatment of noninfectious uveitic macular edema

非感染性葡萄膜炎黄斑水肿(NIU-ME)是引起葡萄膜炎患者视力损害的严重并发症之一。玻璃体腔药物注射途径能够以相对较低的药物剂量,快速控制患者眼部炎症,减轻水肿并改善视力。目前已有多种玻璃体腔注射药物可用于治疗NIU-ME,但白内障和眼压升高为其主要并发症。由于良好的功效和安全性,玻璃体腔注药治疗NIU-ME逐渐成为全身治疗的有效替代选择,尤其是单眼患病患者。但临床实践中药物选择、注药时机和联合治疗等问题仍需更多研究。NIU-ME的治疗方法多样,最终治疗应根据疾病的严重程度、每种疗法的风险/获益比、患者的耐受性进行个体化的选择。

Noninfectious uveitic macular edema(NIU-ME)is a major cause of visual impairment in patients with uveitis.Intravitreal route can control inflammation rapidly,reduce macular edema,and improve vision with relatively lower doses of the drug.Currently,several intravitreal injection drugs have been used for the treatment of NIU-ME.Cataract and elevated intraocular pressure are the major complications.Due to its efficacy and safety,intravitreal drugs have gradually become an effective alternative to systemic treatment,especially in patients with unilateral disease.However,more studies are needed on drug selection,timing of injection and combination therapy in clinical practice.There are various treatments for NIU-ME,and the ultimate treatment should be individualized based on the severity of the disease,the risk/benefit ratio of each therapy,and the patient's tolerance.