互联网发展新阶段与基础资源全球治理体系变革

Regime Reform of Global Internet Basic Resources Governance in Internet’s New Development Stage

互联网已从数据互联网、信息互联网发展到价值互联网阶段,互联网基础技术也从TCP/IP、HTTP/HTML逐步演进到了数字对象架构和区块链技术,技术架构将从中心化逐步走向弱中心化和多中心化。互联网基础资源治理体系以ICANN为核心,已经形成了多利益相关方治理模式、分布式分级授权技术系统和市场化开放竞争产业生态的特点,但是治理可信性的AT-SSR问题长期没有得到解决,即政策制定和数据管理的透明性、可问责性和域名服务的安全性、稳定性以及可恢复能力。区块链技术可以真正实现ICANN治理体系的透明性、可审计性和安全性,具备全球服务能力的区块链平台将在互联网新阶段的未来二十年发挥极为重要的作用,并有望推动域名系统的数据管理和系统服务产生根本性的变革。中国应顺应未来发展战略趋势,按照因循改良、开放共赢、行动实践、积极贡献的原则,深度介入互联网基础资源的技术体系构建,加快推动互联网基础资源全球治理体系变革,进而推动互联网全球治理体系重构。

Internet has developed from data Internet and information Internet to value Internet.The basic Internet technology has evolved from TCP/IP and HTTP/HTML to digital object architecture and blockchain technology.The technical architecture will gradually advance from centralization to weak centralization and multiple centralization.With ICANN as the core,Internet basic resources governance regime has formed the characteristics of multi-stakeholder model,distributed hierarchical authorization technology system and market-oriented open competitive industry ecology.However,the AT-SSR problem of governance credibility has not been solved for a long time.Blockchain technology can truly realize the transparency,accountability and security of ICANN governance system.The blockchain platform with global service capability will play an extremely important role in the next 20 years which will be a new phase for Internet,and is expected to promote the fundamental change of data management and system services of DNS.China should comply with the trend of future development,and promote the reform of the global governance system of Internet basic resources.