互联互通问题的本质与对策--历史维度与制度维度解析互联网反垄断的深层次问题

The Problems of Interconnection and Countermeasures:Analyzing the Deep-seated Problems of Internet Antitrust From Historical and Institutional Perspectives

工信部围绕互联互通的专项整治行动,标志着中国平台治理进入深水区,更昭示着中国在全球强化反垄断方面,制度创新可能的新突破点。互联互通专项行动属于这一轮强化反垄断浪潮中的“自选动作”,属于一次超常发挥。但是,其中的难度和复杂性非同一般。作为全球网络治理的历史遗留问题,要理解互联互通问题的本质与意义,必须基于历史,基于学理,基于全球视野,追根溯源,解析互联网互联互通问题的特殊性,尤其与电报和电话网络底层逻辑的根本差别。通过深入解析互联互通的内在逻辑,明晰“围墙花园”的生成机制和驱动力,解剖互联网平台以安全名义打造“围墙花园”的路径和“软抵抗”策略,进一步提高比较中国与欧美的异同,揭示了互联互通问题本质依然是反垄断问题。因此,中国互联互通的整治具有独特的世界意义。

The special rectification action of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology around interconnection marks the deepening of China’s platform governance,and indicates possible new breakthrough of China’s system innovation in global antitrust.It is an“optional action”and an extraordinary performance.However,its difficulty and complexity are also uncommon.To understand the essence and significance of interconnection as a historical legacy of global network governance,we must analyze the particularity of Internet interconnection in the light of history,theory,global vision,and especially its fundamental difference from the basic logic of telegraph and telephone networks.By analyzing the internal logic of interconnection,clarifying the generation mechanism and driving force of“walled garden”,dissecting the path and“soft resistance”strategy of Internet platform to build“walled garden”in the name of security,improving and comparing the similarities and differences between China and the Western countries,the paper reveals that the problem of interconnection is essentially a problem of antitrust.Therefore,China’s rectification of interconnection has unique significance for the world.