近20年滇池流域土地利用/覆被变化过程、特征及其生态价值变化研究

The Impact of Land Use/Cover Change Process and Characteristics on Regional Ecological Value in Dianchi Lake Basin in the Past 20 Years

采用2000—2020年滇池流域GlobeLand30三期土地利用分类数据和两期Landsat遥感数据进行分层面向对象分类,分析其土地利用/覆被变化过程、特征,进而测算其不同时段的生态服务价值。研究表明:(1)滇池流域土地利用/覆被变化主要受城镇化建设和农业产业升级影响,20年间建设用地扩张和耕地减少均明显,其建设用地面积扩大到原来的3倍、耕地面积减小约400平方千米;(2)滇池流域土地利用结构逐渐均衡,城市土地结构的均质性逐渐增强,信息熵年均增长率分别为0.40%、1.11%、1.11%和0.57%;(3)滇池流域土地利用程度综合指数逐渐增高,最高值为351.08(2020年),最低值为332.13(2010年);(4)滇池流域整体生态服务价值在研究时段内呈小幅波动下降态势,分别为31.45亿元/年、30.50亿元/年、29.79亿元/年、30.69亿元/年和29.78亿元/年。

This paper uses the three-phase land use classification data of GlobeLand30 and two-phase Landsat remote sensing data in the Dianchi Lake Basin from 2000 to 2020 to conduct hierarchical object-oriented classification,analyze the land use/cover change process and characteristics,and then calculate its ecological service value in different periods.The research shows that:(1)LUCC in the Dianchi Lake Basin are mainly affected by urbanization and agricultural industry upgrading.In the past 20 years,both the expansion of construction land and the reduction of cultivated land have been obvious.The area of construction land has tripled and the area of cultivated land has decreased by about 400 square kilometers.(2)The land use structure of Dianchi Lake Basin is gradually balanced,the homogeneity of urban land structure is gradually enhanced,and the average annual growth rate of information entropy is 0.40%,1.11%,1.11%and 0.57%,respectively.(3)The comprehensive index of Dianchi Lake Basin land use degree in the watershed gradually increased,the highest value was 351.08(2020),and the lowest value was 332.13(2010).(4)The overall ecological service value of the Dianchi Lake Basin showed a slight fluctuation and decline during the study period,with a value of 3.145 billion yuan/year,3.050 billion yuan/year,2.979 billion yuan/year,3.069 billion yuan/year and 2.978 billion yuan/year.