美国高超声速试验设施发展历程与布局现状分析

Analysis on Development and Layout of Hypersonic Test Facilities in the United States

高超声速武器装备作为现今大国角逐的新质作战力量,正成为世界军事强国的重点发展和研究方向,作为其重要支撑的试验设施能力起到了奠定技术基础的作用。本文分析了美国70年来高超声速试验设施的发展历程,以及其对现在美国高超声速试验设施布局的影响,并介绍了美国高超声速试验设施的主要机构布局及最新进展。分析表明,美国高超声速试验设施完善进程具备新的特点:(1)正在加强顶层规划,着眼未来长远发展;(2)发挥全行业优势科研力量深度参与,集智攻关;(3)周期性的评估支撑设施投资决策,持续性的投入促进武器装备快速转化。

Hypersonic weapons,as a new fighting force in the competition of big powers,is becoming the key development and research direction of the world′s military power.As an important support,the ability of test facilities plays a role in laying the technical foundation.This paper analyzes the development history of hypersonic test facilities in the United States in the past 70 years,and its impact on the layout of hypersonic test facilities today.It also introduces the main organization layout and the latest progress of hypersonic test facilities in the United States.The analysis shows that the improvement process of hypersonic test facilities in the United States has new characteristics:(1)It is strengthening the top-level planning and focusing on the long-term development in the future.(2)Give full play to the advantages of the whole industry,deeply participate in scientific research,and gather wisdom to tackle key problems.(3)Periodic evaluation supports the investment decision of facilities,and continuous investment promotes the rapid production of weapons.