界面太阳能蒸汽发生系统的研究进展与展望

Research Progress and Prospect on Interfacial Solar Vapor Generation System

太阳能蒸汽发生是一种通过光热转换过程利用太阳能的可靠、环保、成本低廉的技术,其中界面太阳能蒸汽发生系统以其光热转换、热管理、输水逸汽、外围装置的高度集成以及精细设计的特点,借助微结构光子学、材料改性加工、热结构设计、机械设计等技术,能高效(蒸发效率高)、快速(蒸发速率高)地从块状水体甚至大气中吸取水分并通过太阳能转换的热能产生蒸汽,从而产出淡水、无机盐和能量。界面太阳能蒸汽发生技术以其广阔应用前景吸引了学者们的研究兴趣。本综述介绍了界面太阳能蒸汽发生系统的工作原理与组成材料;按光热转换、热管理、疏水逸汽等部分从宏微观结构设计角度总结了设计、优化策略;通过介绍具体的应用展示了界面太阳能蒸汽发生系统的外围装置;最后总结了界面太阳能蒸汽发生系统的研究进展并对其未来发展进行了展望。

Solar vapor generation is a reliable,environmentally friendly,inexpensive technology making use of solar energy by photothermal conversion progress.Photothermal conversion,heat management,water transport and vapor escape are integrated and finely designed for interfacial solar vapor generation(ISVG).With the aid of microstructural photonics,material modification,thermal structure design,mechanical design,ISVG system can absorb salty,polluted bulk water or even vapor from atmosphere and evaporate it to produce fresh water,mineral salt,energy efficiently and fast.ISVG technology has aroused great interest among researchers and made substantial progress.The working mechanism and component materials of ISVG system are briefly introduced.Macro/microstructure design and optimization strategies of photothermal conversion,heat management,water transport,and vapor escape are summarized.The peripherals of ISVG are shown by introducing detailed applications.Finally,the conclusions and outlook of ISVG are summarized.