不同培肥措施对新增耕地养分变化及作物产量的影响

Effects of Fertilization Measures on Nutrient Change and Crop Yield of Newly-cultivated Land

为实现新增耕地的增产、增收和增效,笔者整合测土配方施肥技术、增施有机肥技术、缓控释肥技术和秸秆还田技术,于2018—2020年在山东省临沂市河东区新增耕地项目区开展培肥试验,结果表明:2020年不同培肥处理土壤养分含量均有不同程度上升,其中增施有机肥处理和秸秆还田处理增幅较大;与习惯施肥相比较,配方施肥处理、增施有机肥处理和秸秆还田处理均有很好的增产、增收效果,但是综合考虑增施有机肥和应用秸秆还田的成本,应用配方肥并配套秸秆还田技术是提高新增耕地养分和增加农民收益的最佳措施。

To increase crop yield,farmers’income and utilization efficiency of newly-cultivated land,the authors carried out fertilization experiments in Hedong District of Linyi City in Shandong Province from 2018 to 2020 by integrating soil testing for formulated fertilization,organic fertilizer application,controlled-release fertilization and straw returning.The results showed that the soil nutrient content with different fertilization measures increased in varying degrees in 2020,and the largest increasing rate was found under organic fertilizer application and straw returning.And compared with conventional fertilization,soil testing for formulated fertilization,organic fertilizer application and straw returning all had higher yield and income.However,considering the cost of organic fertilizer application and straw returning,the combination of formulated fertilization with straw returning is the best for improving the nutrient content of newly-cultivated land and increasing farmers’income.