不同经营管理措施下油茶造林成效的对比分析

Comparative Analysis of Afforestation Effect of Camellia oleifera Under Different Management Measures

比较分析3种不同经营管理措施下的造林成效差距,以期为油茶产业发展提供参考。采用随机抽样的调查方法,从全县2016年度造林小班中,按农村集体经济组织、个体户、公司企业3种经营主体,分别抽取3个小班共计9个小班,对小班的主要立地因子,当年造林保存率、株高、冠幅和单株产量等指标进行实地调查。结果表明,公司企业经营措施下的苗木造林保存率最高,平均保存率达到94%,平均单株产量达1550 g。农村集体经济组织管理措施下的造林保存率仅有59%,且产量质量不高,甚至出现不挂果现象,平均单株产量不足公司企业管理措施下产量的1/9,植株生长也明显劣于公司企业管理。发展油茶产业,建议地方政府引导鼓励民营资本投入规模化种植油茶,采取企业化经营模式,加大后期管护力度,强化科技保障。

To provide reference for the development of Camellia oleifera industry,the afforestation effect gaps under three different management measures were analyzed.Using the random sampling survey method and taking the 2016 afforestation small classes of Susong County as the objects,the author divided the business entities into three categories of the rural collective economic organizations,self-employed households and enterprises,then selected 3 small classes from each category and obtained a total of 9 small classes.The main site factors of small classes,including afforestation preservation rate,plant height,crown width and single plant yield,were investigated.The results showed that the survival rate of seedlings under the management by enterprises was the highest,with an average survival rate of 94% and an average yield of 1550 g per plant.Under the management measure of rural collective economic organizations,the afforestation preservation rate was only 59%,and the yield and quality were not good,even had no-fruit bearing.The average single plant yield was less than 1/9 of that under the management measure of enterprises,and the plant growth was also obviously inferior to that under the management by enterprises.To develop the Camellia oleifera industry,it is suggested that the local government should guide and encourage private capital to invest in large-scale cultivation of Camellia oleifera,adopt the enterprise management mode,strengthen later management and protection,and enhance the scientific and technological support.