互联网使用对退休群体再就业的影响分析——基于CHARLS 2018数据的实证研究

Has Internet Use Promoted the Reemployment of the Retired Elderly?——Empirical Research Based on CHARLS 2018 data

互联网在扩大覆盖范围、提升使用深度的进程中持续向中高年龄群体渗透,为中高年龄群体获取信息、沟通交流提供了新渠道。基于2018年中国健康与养老追踪调查数据,探究了互联网使用与退休群体再就业的关系,主要结论:(1)互联网使用可以显著提升退休群体再就业概率,纠正潜在的选择性偏误后,研究结论仍然成立;(2)互联网使用对退休群体再就业的影响存在异质性。享受较低档养老保险金、女性、高中及以上学历以及城市户籍的退休群体在使用互联网后更容易提高再就业的概率;(3)机制探讨发现,互联网至少从提高劳动者知识信息获取和社会资本两个渠道影响退休群体再就业。为提升互联网使用对退休群体再就业的作用,应借助互联网开发老年人再就业潜能,通过互联网引导积极老龄化并健全老年就业市场。

In the process of expanding the coverage and improving the depth of use,the internet continues to penetrate into the middle-aged and the olderly,providing a new channel for them to obtain information and to communicate.Based on the data of the Longitudinal Study on China Health and Retirement undertaken in 2018,this paper explores the relationship between internet use and reemployment of the retired.The research finds that Internet use can significantly improve the reemployment probability of the retired,and the research conclusion is still valid after correcting the potential selective errors.It also finds that the impact of internet use on the reemployment of the retired elderly is heterogeneous,and the female retirees with an urban household registration,who has lower pension berefits and graduated from high school and above,are more likely to be reemployed if they use the internet.It seems obvious that the internet influences the reemployment of the retirees at least from two channels:improving the knowledge and information access of the employees,and social capital.In order to make full use of the Internet to promote the reemployment of the retired,we should use the internet to develop the potentia for reemployment and active aging while improving the employment market for the aged.