基于宏基因组学探讨米面干预对大鼠肠道菌群的影响

Effects of rice wheat intervention on intestinal microflora of rats based on metagenomics

目的 基于大鼠模型,通过高通量测序研究,探讨米面干预后大鼠肠道菌群的差异。方法 30只4周龄雄性SD大鼠按体重随机分为对照组、米食组和面食组,对照组饲喂AIN-93饲料,米食组和面食组在AIN-93饲料基础上分别用米粉和小麦粉替换可利用碳水化合物。干预时间4周,试验结束时测定体重及血糖、血脂等生化指标;取大鼠结肠末端粪便进行shotgun宏基因测序。结果 试验结束后各组大鼠体重增长和血糖无明显的组间差异。3组间肠道微生物在物种水平上的α多样性无统计学差异,但是面食组大鼠肠道微生物的基因丰度低于米食组;差异分析表明,相较于其他两组,门水平上,面食组疣微菌门相对丰度更高,而拟杆菌更低;在种水平上,面食组富集了噬粘蛋白-阿克曼菌、动物双歧杆菌等有益菌,以及Faecalibaculum rodentium,Intestinimonas butyriciproducens等多种产丁酸菌,而米食组富集了Prevotella copri等;碳水化合物活性酶的组间比较显示,米面两组之间主要的差异酶集中在糖苷水解酶家族8,糖苷水解酶家族16,糖苷水解酶家族99和糖基转移酶家族56。结论 以米面作为不同的碳水化合物来源会对大鼠肠道菌群的组成以及碳水化合物相关的活性酶产生不同的影响。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of rice on intestinal microflora in rats.METHODS Thirty 4-week-old male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, rice group and wheat group according to body weight. The control group was fed with AIN-93 diet, the rice group and the wheat group was fed with the AIN-93 diet which the carbohydrate was replaced with rice and wheat, respectively, for 4 weeks. At the end of the experiment, lipid related biochemical indexes were determined, and the contents of the distal colon(feces) of rats were collected for macro factor detection.RESULTS From the beginning to the end of feeding, there was no difference in weight gain among the groups. After the end of the experiment, there was no difference among lipid-related indicators and blood glucose. α diversity showed that there was no difference in the diversity of intestinal microbiota between the rice and wheat groups, and the gene abundance analysis of intestinal microbiota in the wheat group showed that the gene abundance of intestinal microbiota was lower. The difference analysis of intestinal microbiota result showed that compared with the rice group, the wheat group was composed of higher proportion of verrucomicrophyla and lower proportion of Bacteroidetes. Lefse analysis showed that the surface group was enriched with Akkermansia Muciniphila, Bifidobacterium animalis, and a variety of beneficial bacteria such as Faecalibaculum rodentium and Intestinimonas butyriciproducens, while Prevotella copri was rich in the rice group. Glycoside hydrolases 8, glycoside hydrolases 16, glycoside hydrolases 99 and glycosyl transferase family 56.CONCLUSION Rice or wheat as different carbohydrate sources have different effects on the composition of intestinal microflora and carbohydrate-related active enzymes in rats.