中国2020年麻疹流行病学特征

Epidemiology of measles in China, 2020

目的分析中国2020年麻疹流行病学特征。方法利用中国麻疹监测信息报告管理系统收集中国2020年麻疹发病数据,描述性分析麻疹发病率和发病特征。结果2020年中国报告麻疹856例,报告发病率为0.061/10万;有麻疹病例报告的县比例为15.19%;<8月龄、8-59月龄、5-14岁、15-24岁、≥25岁病例分别占4.21%、62.85%、10.16%、7.01%、15.77%。0-4岁、5-9岁、10-14岁、15-19岁、20-24岁、≥25岁报告发病率(/10万)分别为0.712、0.072、0.040、0.045、0.035、0.013。在8-23月龄、2-6岁和7-19岁病例中,无含麻疹成分疫苗(MCV)免疫史的比例分别为13.38%(59/441)、9.16%(12/131)和15.29%(13/85)。24例病例具有麻疹病毒基因型鉴定结果,均为D8基因型。结论2020年中国麻疹报告发病率继续下降,存在输入传播风险。需继续保持适龄儿童2剂次MCV高覆盖率,加强麻疹病原学和流行病学监测工作。

Objective To describe epidemiological features of measles in 2020 in China.Methods We obtained data on measles cases from the China Measles Surveillance System in 2020 for a descriptive analysis of measles incidence.Results A total of 856 measles cases were reported in 2020 in China, for an incidence of 0.061 cases per 100 000 population. Measles cases were reported from 15.19% of all counties. By age group, <8-month-olds, 8-59-month-olds, 5-14-year-olds, 15-24-year-olds, and ≥25-years-olds accounted for 4.21%, 62.85%, 10.16%, 7.01%, and 15.77% of all cases, respectively. Reported incidences per 100 000 for 0-4-, 5-9-, 10-14-, 15-19-, 20-24-, and ≥25-year-olds were 0.712, 0.072, 0.040, 0.045, 0.035, and 0.013. Among 8-23-month-old, 2-6-year-old, and 7-19-year-old cases, 13.38%(59/441), 9.16%(12/131), and 15.29%(13/85) had not received measles containing vaccine(MCV). Twenty-four cases had measles virus genotyping result, and all were identified as D8 genotype.Conclusions The incidence of measles continued to decrease in 2020 in China, but risk of measles importation and transmission remains. We should maintain high coverage with 2 doses of MCV in age-eligible children and enhance etiological and epidemiological measles surveillance.