核电工程现场的职业卫生防治

Analysis and Prevention of Occupational Health in Nuclear Power Project Site

从地坑管道安装焊工使用背部充氩气保护焊方式窒息死亡事故、核压力容器制造厂16名焊工体检发现的各种职业病入手,对焊接职业病的原因进行分析,针对焊接过程分析了焊接过程中由于高温所产生有害气体及烟尘对人体的职业伤害、未辨识环境的安全作业条件造成的危害、管理重视不足的危害,提出了注重劳动强度改善、优化焊接工艺、监测控制环境有害因素、实现个人预防及医疗防护、严格焊接工艺纪律,形成通过提升职业健康意识、分析隐患、采取治理措施来保证职业健康卫生的防治方法。正确应用安全管控方法可有效预防焊工发生职业卫生事故。

This paper analyzes the causes of suffocation and death accidents caused by the back argon filled protective weld‐ing method used by the welders in the installation of underground pipelines,also the causes of welding occupational diseases caused by the welders'long-term welding.Aiming at the welding process,The paper analyzes the occupational injury factors of harmful gases、smoke and dust produced by high temperature in the welding process,which puts forward the suggestions of paying attention to the improvement of labor intensity,optimizing welding process,monitoring and controlling environ‐mental harmful factors Realize personal prevention and medical protection,strict process discipline welding,eliminate and improve occupational health awareness,analyze hidden dangers and take treatment measures,so as to ensure the prevention and control methods of occupational health.The correct application of safety control methods can effectively prevent occu‐pational health accidents of welders。