国产与进口航空润滑油腐蚀性的对比研究

Comparative Study on Corrosion of Domestic and Imported Aviation Lubricants

航空润滑油氧化后表现为酸值增加,但酸值增加是否一定意味着航空润滑油有腐蚀性或腐蚀性增强则未见报道。为此用自制的模拟氧化装置在不同温度下对某国产航空润滑油和进口航空润滑油(50-1-4Ф)进行了氧化试验,就这两种航空润滑油的酸值变化和铜片腐蚀进行了对比分析,以此探究航空润滑油腐蚀性与酸值的关系,并以此来确定航空润滑油的使用周期。结果表明,氧化温度升高和氧化时间延长可加快航空润滑油的氧化劣化,使航空润滑油的酸值增加,腐蚀性增强,酸值指标可以表征航空润滑油的氧化程度。但航空润滑油的腐蚀性由其所含的酸性物质决定,不能通过酸值的大小进行简单地对比。国产航空润滑油与进口航空润滑油在中温(150℃及175℃)下可使用120 h,在高温(200℃)下可使用30 h。而在超高温(210℃及以上)下,这两种航空润滑油的使用周期均不要超过2 h。

The acid number increased after the oxidation of lubricants,but there was not been reported that whether the increase of acid number necessarily mean that aviation lubricant was corrosive or more corrosive.Therefore,a oxidation test was carried out between a domestic aviation lubricant and an imported aviation lubricant(50-1-4Ф)at different temperatures with a self-made simulated oxidation device.The acid number change and copper corrosion of the two aviation lubricants were compared and analyzed,so as to explore the relationship between the corrosivity and acid number of aviation lubricants,and determine the service cycle of aviation lubricants.The results showed that the increase of oxidation temperature and oxidation time could accelerate the oxidation deterioration of aviation lubricants,increase the acid number and corrosivity of aviation lubricants,and the acid number index could characterize the oxidation degree of aviation lubricants.However the corrosivity of aviation lubricants was determined by the acidic substances contained in it,which could not be simply compared by the acid number.Domestic aviation lubricants and imported aviation lubricants could be used for 120 hours at medium temperature(150℃and 175℃)and 30 hours at elevated temperature(200℃).At ultra-elevated temperature(210℃and above),the service life of these two aviation lubricants should not exceed 2 hours.