基于传统村落景观基因识别的聚落特征解读——以闽西四堡雾阁传统村落为例

Interpretation of Settlement Characteristics Based on Landscape Gene Identification of Traditional Village:Taking Wuge Traditional Village in Sibao,Western Fujian as an Example

基于景观基因理念,探索定性定量结合的系统识别传统村落景观外在表达和内在特质的方法,构建完善的景观基因识别流程,可为深度挖掘传统村落地域文化生成特质提供一种新方法。文章以闽西客家传统村落雾阁村为例,以环境、布局、建筑、文化四个一级特征属性分级构建村落景观要素体系,基于景观基因识别四原则建构定性定量分析的传统村落景观基因识别方法,梳理福建省龙岩市连城县四堡镇雾阁村景观基因谱系,并提出传统村落景观特征解读语法。结果表明,本研究构建的景观基因识别具体方法及流程能较准确地将决定村落景观差异性的景观要素识别为景观基因并准确解读其背后的文化内涵,对传统村落文化遗产的完整性、特征性保护实践提供技术支持。

[Absrtact]Based on the concept of landscape genes,this paper explored the method of combining qualitative and quantitative methods to systematically identify the external expression and internal characteristics of traditional village landscape and built a landscape gene identification process,which can provide a new method for deeply excavating the generative trait of traditional village regional culture.The study takes the traditional Hakka village of Wuge in Sibao Town,Liancheng County,Longyan City,Fujian Province as an example and constructs a village landscape element system hierarchically which divided into four first-level characteristics:environment,layout,architecture and culture.Then based on the four principles of landscape gene identification,it constructs a qualitative and quantitative analysis method of the traditional village landscape gene identification combing the landscape gene lineage of Wuge Village,and proposes the grammar of interpretation for traditional village landscape feature.The results show that the specific method and process of landscape gene identification constructed in this study can accurately identify the landscape elements that determine village landscape differences as landscape genes and accurately interpret the cultural connotation behind them,which can provide technical support for the integrity and characteristic protection practice of traditional village cultural heritage.