清醒的看客:默尔索语用身份建构探析

A Sober Spectator:An Analysis of Meursault’s Pragmatic Identity Construction

加缪《局外人》体现了对人类生存状态和生活方式最深沉的思考,基于语用身份论,剖析其主人公默尔索在三个特定场景中的身份建构历程,发现其建构的安时处顺者、恪守本真者和安之若命者均不符合听者的心理世界,故而被听者否定,形成无效的语用身份,反映出其清醒看客形象下关于自我生活状态的反思意识及自我认可的幸福。读书明理,以他为鉴,有助于社会人在顺应现实时构建有效的身份,抵达生活的本真。

Camus embodies his deepest thinking of the living status and lifestyle of human beings in L’étranger.Based on the pragmatic identity theory,this paper analyzes the identity construction process of Meursault in three particular contexts and finds out his three pragmatic identities,the unambitious employee,the truth defender,and the calm atheist,are all invalid to the listeners in the novel,mapping his reflective consciousness of life and his acceptable happiness as a sober spectator.As reading makes men wise,with Meursault as a mirror,people as society participants could adapt themselves to the reality with the construction of valid identity,thus gaining the essence of true life.