蓝宝石的应用及单晶强韧化研究进展

Application of sapphire and research progress of single-crystal strengthening and toughening

蓝宝石具有硬度大、强度高、抗腐蚀性强及良好的光学和化学特性,已被广泛应用于众多高科技领域,其突出的光学透过性有望成为新一代电子产品屏幕的盖板材料。然而蓝宝石单晶的冲击韧性差是本征缺陷,这将限制其在电子消费产品上的应用。近年来,国内外对蓝宝石的功能开发与应用,以及蓝宝石单晶强韧化进行了大量的研究。首先,对蓝宝石的相关性能进行了详细的介绍,综述了蓝宝石在光学、半导体、激光等领域的应用;其次,总结了蓝宝石通过掺杂合金元素、掺杂石墨粉、粒子注入以及铁、钛共掺杂等方法进行强韧化的研究进展,这些方法均可不同程度地提高蓝宝石单晶的断裂强度和断裂韧性;最后,对未来蓝宝石功能材料的应用以及蓝宝石强韧化工作的发展趋势进行了分析和探讨。

Sapphire has the advantages of high hardness,high strength,strong corrosion resistance,etc.It has been widely used in many high-tech fields and is expected to become a new screen cover material for electronic products.However,the poor impact toughness of sapphire single crystal will limit its application in consumer electronics.Recently,the functional development,application,and toughening technology of sapphire has been widely studied.The review introduces the applications of sapphire in optics,semiconductors,laser materials,etc.Then,the research progress of sapphire strengthening and toughening by doping and particle injection are summarized,which can effectively improve the fracture strength and toughness of sapphire.Moreover,the future application of sapphire and work of sapphire strengthening and toughening are analyzed and discussed.