抗冻剂“天达2116”对甘蓝型油菜幼苗的影响

Effects of Antifreeze "Tianda 2116" on the Seedlings of Brassica napus

以甘蓝型油菜沣油737为供试油菜品种,对3~4叶盆栽油菜幼苗喷施600、700和800倍的抗冻剂“天达2116”,分别在5、0和-5℃进行冷胁迫环境处理,检测各处理幼苗的存活率、含水率、叶绿素含量和渗透电解质,确定最佳的抗冻剂喷施浓度;再采用大田试验,以该处理浓度抗冻剂“天达2116”喷施田间油菜,分析其对油菜农艺性状的影响。结果表明:喷施3种浓度的抗冻剂均可增强油菜幼苗抗冻能力,随着温度降低,喷施抗冻剂对提高油菜幼苗抗冻能力的效果逐步增强,700倍稀释液处理在不同温度下抗冻效果最佳。大田试验表明,抗冻剂能促进冬前油菜生长发育,矮化油菜植株,可增加一次有效分枝数、角果粒数、全株有效角果数、单株产量和千粒重。建议油菜生产中以抗冻剂700倍稀释液在12月下旬喷施油菜,可有效改善油菜冬前长势,提高其收获期产量。

Taking Brassica napus Fengyou 737 as the tested rape variety,the seedlings of 3-4 leaf potted rape were sprayed with 600,700 and 800 times dilution of antifreeze"Tianda 2116"under cold stress at 5,0 and-5℃,respectively.The survival rate,water content,chlorophyll content and osmotic electrolyte of the seedlings were detected to determine the best concentration of antifreeze;then the field experiment was carried out by spraying the optimum concentration of antifreeze"Tianda 2116"on rape seedlings to analyze its effect on the agronomic traits of rape.The results showed that spraying three concentrations of antifreeze could enhance the antifreeze ability of rape seedlings.With the decrease of temperature,the effect of spraying antifreeze on improving the antifreeze ability of rape seedlings gradually increased,and the antifreeze effect of 700 times dilution treatment was the best at different temperatures.Field experiments showed that antifreeze could promote the growth and development of rape before winter,dwarf rape plants,and increase the number of first effective branches,the number of seeds per pod,the number of effective pods per plant,the yield per plant and 1000-seed weight.It is suggested that spraying rape with 700 times dilution of antifreeze in late December can effectively improve the growth of rape before winter and increase its yield in harvest.