湖南“222”蚕桑高效种养模式的实施效果与发展对策

Implementation Effect and Countermeasures of "222" Efficient Planting and Breeding Mode of Sericulture

“222”蚕桑高效种养模式指一个家庭2个主要劳动力,管理桑园“20亩”(1.333 hm^(2)),年收入20万元。湖南省从2018年开始连续多年示范推广该模式,采取政府引导、企业主导、专家指导、农户承包“三导一包”的方式开展,取得了较好的经济效益和社会效益。多年实地跟踪调研结果显示:2021年推广该模式的蚕桑产业总产值2100万元,140户重点示范户养蚕收入户平约12万元;引导农民植桑1333 hm^(2)以上,参与栽桑养蚕人员近9000人。分析认为,湖南蚕桑产业发展仍存在蚕农文化偏低、产业规模较小和龙头企业实力较差等问题,针对问题提出了蚕桑产业应加快推进自动化、标准化和品牌化的发展对策,以推动高科技、高质量和高效益蚕桑产业发展。

"222"efficient planting and breeding mode of sericulture refers to"one family with two main labor forces,managing 1.333 hm^(2) of mulberry garden and earning 200,000 yuan a year".Hunan Province has been demonstrating and promoting this model for years since 2018.It has been carried out in the way of"three-guidance and one-package",guided by the government,led by enterprises,guided by experts and contracted by farmers,and has achieved good economic and social benefits.The results of field follow-up investigation for years showed that in 2021,the total output value of Hunan sericulture industry in this mode reached 21 million yuan;the average income of 140 sericulture households in key demonstration was 120,000 yuan;more than 1,333 hm^(2) of mulberry trees were planted by farmers under guidance;about 9000 persons participated in mulberry trees growing and sericulture.According to analysis,it found that sericulture farmers were low educated,the sericulture industry was on a small scale,and the leading enterprises were weak capability.In view of the above problems,it has proposed to accelerate automation,standerization and branding to promote the high-tech,high-quality and high-benefit development of Hunan sericulture industry.