鄂西少数民族地区普惠金融对城乡收入差距的影响研究

Research on the Impact of Inclusive Finance on Urban-rural Income Gap in Western Hubei Minority Areas

缩小城乡收入差距、促进收入公平是实现共同富裕的内在要求,普惠金融能够为农业提供发展所需的资金,对于缩小城乡收入差距有着积极作用。采用北京大学的普惠金融指数,根据恩施土家族苗族自治州、长阳土家族自治县和五峰土家族自治县2014—2019年的面板数据,利用双向固定效应模型分析鄂西少数民族地区普惠金融对城乡收入差距的影响。结果表明:普惠聚合金融指数和使用广度对城镇居民和农村居民人均收入的影响为正,且通过了0.01的显著性检验;覆盖广度在0.01的显著性水平下农村居民人均收入有正向作用,对城镇居民收入有负向作用;普惠聚合金融指数、覆盖广度和使用广度对城乡收入之比有负向影响,且通过了0.05和0.10的显著性检验,说明普惠聚合金融指数和使用广度对城镇居民和农村居民人均收入的增加均有促进作用,覆盖广度对城镇居民人均收入有负向作用,且普惠聚合金融指数、覆盖广度和使用广度对城乡收入之比有负向影响,有利于城乡收入差距的缩小。

Narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas and promoting income equity are the internal requirements for achieving common prosperity.Inclusive finance can provide funds for agricultural development and plays a positive role in narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas.Based on the inclusive finance index of Peking University and the panel data of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Changyang Tujia Autonomous County and Wufeng Tujia Autonomous County from 2014 to 2019,this paper uses a two-way fixed effect model to analyze the impact of inclusive finance on the urban-rural income gap in Western Hubei Minority areas.The results show that the impact of inclusive aggregation financial index and its use breadth on the per capita income of urban and rural residents is positive, and has passed the significance test of 0.01;under the significance level of 0.01,the per capita income of rural residents has a positive effect and a negative effect on the income of urban residents;the inclusive aggregate financial index, coverage and use breadth have a negative impact on the ratio of urban and rural income, and have passed the significance test of 0.05 and 0.10,indicating that the inclusive aggregate financial index and use breadth can promote the increase of per capita income of urban and rural residents, coverage breadth has a negative effect on per capita income of urban residents, and the inclusive aggregate financial index, coverage and use have a negative impact on the ratio of urban and rural income, which is conducive to narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas.